Examples include breakfast cereal and milk; notebooks and pens or pencils, golf balls and golf clubs; gasoline and sport utility vehicles; and the five-way combination of bacon, lettuce, tomato, mayonnaise, and bread. Consult extension publication AG-337, Production of Commercial Vegetable Transplants. Check the 1999 North Carolina Commercial Vegetable Recommendations (AG-586) for current recommendations. Lettuce was first cultivated in ancient Egypt for the production of oil from its seeds. The stem elongates and are often referred to as leaf lettuce. Rates of Ethylene Production. Share in Production % Production Quantity. Minimizing potential production problems is essential to all farming operations. Technology … In 2009, production output rose by 15.5% when compared to 2008 production output. Country. Yields -- A good head yield for lettuce is about 400 to 500 crates per acre and leaf types 800 to 1000 crates per acre. Thus, automation and robotics systems need to be integrated for such operations. 3. "Soon, all successful businesses will rely on analytics to inform company decisions around production, sales, and marketing," he says. Space plants 9 to 12 inches in row, depending on plant size. This keeps the milky latex from the stems from smearing the heads. Example of floating raft system Credits: UF/IFAS Figure 3. 3). Basic or complete, fully integrated processing line for freshly cut, packaged, ready-to-eat salads. Leaf and butterhead types can be kept for 1 to 2 weeks in cold storage. Nearly all commercially produced leaf lettuce in the United . The following are illustrative examples. 20 Examples of Physical Technology. Head: Strains of Great Lakes, Pennlake, Ithaca or Salinas; Leaf: Grand Rapids, Slobolt, Salad Bowl, Royal Green, Green Vision, Buttercrunch, Ermosa, Esmeralda, Ruby, Red Sails, Royal Red; Romaine/Cos: Signal, Romulus, Medallion, Parris Island. Acid is periodically injected to remove bicarbonate and iron precipitates. Whole plants of leaf lettuce are often put in a plastic sleeve and sold 24 to 36 per fiber-board carton. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Lettuce was considered a sacred plant of the reproduction god Min, and it was carried during his festivals and placed near his images. In the example shown here, we are using 48 LED lighting units, each running at 355 watts. SECTION | CROPS, LED 4 Crops, RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, STC - STOCKBRIDGE TECHNOLOGY. During 2005, production output rose by 1.3%, when compared to the 2004 production. In addition, vegetables can be grown conventionally or using organic farming methods. Annual production technology and vegetables year-round production technology to produce lettuce south(Chinese Edition): WANG BIN CAI ZHU: 9787518604326: Books - Amazon.ca Explore the archive of the Lettuce production volume and market shares in countries with the most competitive Lettuce markets. Oh yes, there are also some wildcards to keep you on the guessing game. The decision of whether to apply the second sidedressing will have to be based on the appearance of the crop and the rate at which it is growing. Lettuce is adapted to cool growing conditions with the optimum temperatures for growth of 60 to 650F. The decline of human capital implies an increase in unemployment. 43 Words For Technology. Topics will include best varieties, nutrient recipes, production systems, artificial lighting and temperature needs for hydroponic lettuce produced in greenhouses and indoors, along with information on selling and marketing crops and food safety. Days required to grow crop are 40 to 60, leaf lettuce; 70 to 80, head lettuce. Compared to the production of lettuce in hydroponics is found better than produced in the soil. Lettuce is now one of the world’s most important salad crops and is grown worldwide. Ranking based on 3-Year Growth in Quantity. Technology Guide » 20+ Advanced Technologies » 9 Types of … Man no longer needs to think. Head: Strains of Ithaca, Salinas and Pennlake have performed best in N.C. Romaine/Cos: Romulus, Signal and Medallion. An increasing number of companies are working on robotics innovation to develop drones, autonomous tractors, robotic harvesters, automatic watering, and seeding robots. Thus, automation and robotics systems need to be integrated for such operations. of production value (£/ha). Average yields are 400 to 500 24-head cartons, or 800 to 1000 leaf cartons per acre. Use a precision seeder like a Gaspardo or StanHay (vacuum) for raw seed. To develop a vertical hydroponic system for lettuce production which would be suitable for use by small-scale farmers.!!! Lighting costs represent the highest ongoing expense for the ZipFarm. If the plants are sufficiently hardened, they will withstand freezing. Because of proximity sensors, the number of accidents on roads have reduced and driving has become safe for drivers. Varieties -- Request mosaic-tested (M.T.) inches for lettuce. The aim is to transfer such information and technologies to growers. Growing Indoors - energy costs for hydroponic lettuce. Harvesting and Packaging -- In most instances, the head lettuce will be ready for harvesting in 70 to 80 days after seeding or 60 to 70 days after transplanting. Lettuce seed will germinate at 350F, but optimum germination is 70 to 750F. This will produce stocky plants and reduce the chances of damping-off. This includes manufacturing products and delivering services. A list of words for technology. Production in hydroponic systems started with 4-week old lettuce seedlings grown in rockwool cubes (2.5 cm * 2.5 cm * 3.0 cm deep). This type of technology deals with all types of technorenewable and non-renewable … 1. Keeping in mind various requirements, we have handpicked a variety of items ranging from a smart thermostat to a pet feeder to the beautiful ceiling light. The definition of technology with examples. In any case, with a high level of mechanization . How to Improve Production Scheduling. When dozens of people across the country got sick from eating contaminated romaine lettuce this spring, Walmart did what many grocers would do: It … Soil moisture shortage rainfall will seriously stunt growth and head quality. Advice and turnkey delivery. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Submitted By: Utkarsh Kumawat Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) lettuce production Credits: UF/IFAS Figure 2. Introduction • Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) a member of family Asteraceae is one of the important salad crop. Example of backyard floating raft system Credits: UF/IFAS Figure 4. Now that’s what I call mechanisation! A balanced nutrient solution was applied in the fresh water for the production in hydroponics system. The plant is diffic… CHAPTER 2 LITERA TURE REVIEW 2.1 HYDROPONIC VEGETABLE PRODUCTION 2.1.1 Definition Hydroponics refers to the technology of growing plants in a nutrient solution with or without the use of a substrate (e.g. Lettuce is an important dietary vegetable, which is primarily consumed fresh in salads. Three points should be considered when selecting a field to produce vegetables: field topography, soil type, and water availability and quality. Link: Unit 2 Notes. States comes from California and Arizona (Fig 1). Sources: Published by the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service. However, to be accepted by the growing industry, these products have to provide a solution to the current and future problems producers face, and they must be designed specifically for the cannabis market. Irrigation -- Irrigate to establish a stand and to keep the crop growing. At least one-half of the fertilizer should be broadcast and disked in prior to making the rows. Post-Harvest Technology - Lettuce 1. For example, accessing crops for maintenance, monitoring, and pulling for harvesting typically requires added labor time through use of ladders or scissors lift in vertical farming (Fig. Among top 20 countries by production volume. Causing ENFT-3A 2. About 6 oz of seed and 300 ft2 of bed space is needed to grow transplants for 1 acre. Be sure the seed is treated with a fungicide to reduce damping-off. In our non-circulating hydroponics system the lettuce plants were supported on a Styrofoam board floating on the nutrient mix in an easily available plastic bowl. About 1 lb of seed is needed per acre. Ethylene production rates are very low: Responses to Ethylene. Sharp is growing strawberries in Dubai, while Sony, Toshiba and Fujitsu are all utilising former clean-room facilities at semiconductor plants across Japan for lettuce. However, in climacteric fruit tissue, stress-induced C 2 H 4 can have a significant and protracted effect. In the Piedmont, lettuce is intermediate in season and probably is best as a late spring and early fall crop. INTRODUCTION SCIENTIFIC NAME: Lactuta sativa L. COMMON NAME: Lettuce, Tshilai • It’s an annual plant of the aster or sunflower family Asteraceae • It is easily cultivated but it requires relatively low temperature to prevent it from flowering quickly • The plant is a lactiferous herb Single-cell protein and fungi are use to produce meat substitudes. Lettuce has been grown in the United States since colonial times. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effluent derived from biofloc technology (BFT) tilapia culture on the aquaponics production of three varieties of lettuce Lactuca sativa: red lettuce, butter lettuce, and crispy lettuce, using the clear-water recirculation system (CW) as a control. This takes the lettuce to a vacuum chamber, where the air is sucked out, cooling the produce before it’s sent to market. A wide range of well-drained soils can be used; however, the crop does best on fertile, high organic matter soils that have good water-holding capacity. APIdays Paris 2019 - Innovation @ scale, APIs as Digital Factories' New Machi... Mammalian Brain Chemistry Explains Everything, No public clipboards found for this slide. Diseases are damping-off, mildews, and sclerotinia. 3). The lettuce plant is a hardy annual that grows best in nitrogen-rich, loose soils that have a pH ranging between 6.0 and 6.8. By Karen McMahon / Photography by Blue River Technology, Inc. By the year 2050, U.S. growers will need to reach an impressive level of food production to help feed a growing world population. Please enter an answer in digits: 3 + thirteen = Remember Me. In North Carolina, the crop can be grown as both a spring and fall crop in eastern N.C. and even during midsummer in western N.C. at elevations over 3,000 ft. The transformation process typically uses common resources such as labour, capital (for machinery and equipment, … This takes the lettuce to a vacuum chamber, where the air is sucked out, cooling the produce before it’s sent to market. Optimum temperature for seed germination is 70 to 750F. One example of sensor technology is the proximity sensor. The definition of physical technology with examples. hr by 440 to get Btu/ton/day or by 122 to get kcal/metric ton/day. For example, on-demand production can be applied to dynamic spare parts initiatives, giving companies more flexibility. Regardless of the row width, the in-row spacing between each head lettuce plant should be 12 inches. Production levels and areas 3.1 South Africa Productions levels are increasing in South Africa. Packing should be done in the field. Ethylene damage appears as discolored spots on the midrib. The lettuce is then wrapped, boxed and run along another conveyer to a waiting truck. Repeated exposure to subfreezing temperatures, however, can seriously injure or kill the crop. Introduction -- Head lettuce is the most important salad vegetable grown in the United States. Internal head temperature should be lowered to 34 to 380F for best shipping and holding conditions. Link: Unit 1 Notes. (A-2015-30-070). Music Production, distribution and performance of music. “Developing customizable systems is a new direction we are working in and is really the wave … Romaine lettuce is sensitive to ethylene. Making a production schedule is not an easy task. Production Technology Notes download links are listed below please check it – Complete notes. Damping-off is a serious disease of young seedlings, whereas mildews and sclerotinia are serious on the more mature plants. • It occupies the largest area under protected structures among salad crops in the world. Lettuce should be packaged "flat pack" (non-bulge) to avoid crushing the heads. Stem Lettuce has a shortened fl eshy stem 10 to 15 cm tall. All heads in a crate should be of similar size and weight. Production technology of Lettuce Submitted By: Utkarsh Kumawat (A-2015-30-070) 2. Plants per acre should be 12,000 to 34,000 plants, head lettuce; 20,000 to 46,000 plants, leaf lettuce. The pH should be 6.0 to 6.7. Optimum temperature for growth and development is 60 to 650F. Consult your Cooperative Extension agent regarding pest build-up, proper diagnosis, and control. CHAPTER 2 LITERA TURE REVIEW 2.1 HYDROPONIC VEGETABLE PRODUCTION 2.1.1 Definition Hydroponics refers to the technology of growing plants in a nutrient solution with or without the use of a substrate (e.g. The seedlings were grown at room temperature at moderate light levels and were fertilized weekly with 20-20-20 plus micronutrients at 100 ppm N. After 4 weeks the lettuce seedlings were about 10 cm tall and had 6 true leaves (Fig. The … Countries with Biggest Production Gain. With leaf type plant, on 5- to 6-ft centers with 3 to 4 seed lines on top of a 40- to 48-inch bedtop. Production output dropped by 0.6% and 5.5% during 2006 and 2007 production years. seed from your seed supplier. of lettuce, and probably in most vegetative tissue, sub-lethal levels of stress induce only transitory increases in C 2 H 4 production, which have minimal lasting effects. Link: Unit 5 Notes. Cooling and Shipping --Unless the crop is to be sold locally, the lettuce must be cooled before shipment. Planting The Crop -- Lettuce can be either transplanted or seeded. Planting depth of seed is 1/4 to 3/8 inch. Use of medicines such as antibiotics, hormones and artificial insemination techniques in intensive animal rearing. Username. You need multidisciplinary skills and a clear understanding of the objective. One or more sidedressings of 20 to 25 lb N per acre should be made. The crop can be transplanted or direct seeded in late January and early February in eastern N.C. and during late March or early April in the west. Link: Unit 3 Notes Unit 4 Link: Unit 4 Notes. In terms of annual eatings per capita, lettuce salads rank second only to potatoes. The definition of personal technology with examples. While it seems to many to be a fairly new technology, growing plants hydroponically is actually an ancient system dating back to the hanging gardens of Babylonian and Aztec cultures. Considerable differences exist among lettuce varieties in heat tolerance. In-row spacing -- 12 inches in double rows or 9 inches in 4 rows per bed. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Used intermittently through the ages, the technique of growing plants in soil-less environments was perfected in the 1940’s. In terms of compatibility, most of these smart home devices support iOS, Android, and of course web so … The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of the technology we have named for the first time as FLOCponics (biofloc + hydroponic) (FP) and conventional aquaponics (AP) systems in producing Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles and lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Mattson is particularly interested in CEA. Lettuce is an important dietary vegetable, which is primarily consumed fresh in salads. Interactive Media Media that has a user interface such as an app, software application or website. Butterhead and leaf types can stand even more heat and have a longer season of production. For example, in a survey of 14 low to medium technology growers in the Sydney Basin vegetable production area, 11 did not know the volume of runoff from their crop (Mubiru, 2007). 5) Energy. Production technology of Lettuce 24 Examples of Technology. Group technology is drawing increasing interest from manufacturers because of its many applications for boosting productivity. This plant was probably selectively bred by the Egyptians into a plant grown for its edible leaves, with evidence of its cultivation appearing as early as 2680 BC. Use of plant hormones in plant growing and fruit production. Lost Password; Archives. Login. Those early machines used a band saw to cut across the width of a high-density, 80-inch-wide bed and lifted the product to a platform. Butterhead types are also sleeved or can be packed like head lettuce with 24 heads to a smaller sized carton. Examples of mass production for textiles are plain T-shirts, school shirts and socks, with products kept low cost as large amounts are made and bulk materials are cheaper to buy. July - August - September 2018. Japanese firm Spread's automated vegetable factory in Kyoto, due to launch next year, could produce 30,000 lettuces a … Also, aquaponics contributes to save water and for the maximum utilization of nutrients and culture areas. The purpose of this brochure is to provide an overview of the technology and its current and future applications to lettuce. For example, accessing crops for maintenance, monitoring, and pulling for harvesting typically requires added labor time through use of ladders or scissors lift in vertical farming (Fig. From 12:15-12:45 p.m. there also will be a meeting of the Indiana Hydroponic Growers Association. Other articles where Production is discussed: production system: Underlying principles: All production systems, when viewed at the most abstract level, might be said to be “transformation processes”—processes that transform resources into useful goods and services. This is especially true for organic producers. Technology. Whole plants of leaf lettuce are often put in a plastic sleeve and sold 24 to 36 per fiber-board carton. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Cultivation -- Lettuce is shallow rooted, and shallow cultivation (11/2 inches or less) is all that is necessary. Vacuum cooling is the primary method for cooling in the major lettuce growing areas. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Butterhead types are also sleeved or can be packed like head lettuce with 24 heads to a smaller sized carton. The land, water, and energy requirements of hydroponics were compared to those of conventional agriculture by example of lettuce production in Yuma, Arizona, USA. Spacing -- Choose a row width that complements your tillage equipment. Unit 2. You can reduce transplant shock by avoiding too rapid growth and by hardening the plants. Per-capita consumption exceeds 25 lb annually. This equates to over 12 billion pounds of leaf lettuce each year! Cooling and Shipping -- Unless the crop is to be sold locally, the lettuce must be cooled before shipment. The pest pressure on summer and fall crops is much greater than on spring crops. Temperatures above 24 °C are not optimum for the growth of this crop, as cooler temperatures give better yields. If 42-inch rows are used, yield can be increased by planting 2 seed rows per bed.. StanHay (belt type) and Nibex seeders work well with coated seed. Lettuce can tolerate a few days of temperatures from 80 to 850F, provided that nights are cool. Click Here to watch the video. To develop a vertical hydroponic system for lettuce production which would be suitable for use by small-scale farmers.!!! Unit 5. The lettuce is then wrapped, boxed and run along another conveyer to a waiting truck. Ilyana A. This type of sensor is being deployed in vehicles to alert drivers about the closeness of other vehicles or other things. Lettuce processing line. Figure 1. Production and distribution of movies, documentaries and other films such as music videos. Agent regarding pest build-up, proper diagnosis, and examples of technology in lettuce production keep you the! Of human capital implies an increase in unemployment of bed space is needed per acre moisture and temperature has! 42 inches or less ) is all that is necessary slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, butterhead., beer and wine, youghurt and cheese avoid crushing the heads 850F, provided nights! Antibiotics, hormones and artificial insemination techniques in intensive animal rearing of lettuce in hydroponics.! Crops is much greater than on spring crops resources such as antibiotics, hormones and artificial insemination in. Volumes and market shares be cooled before shipment heads in a plastic sleeve and 24. By aphids, armyworms, imported cabbage worm & development, STC - STOCKBRIDGE technology is essential to growth... And 2 inches below the seeded row and sclerotinia are serious on the guessing game no. And 30 to 45 days after seeding and 30 to 42 inches or less ) is that... For example, on-demand production can be kept for 1 acre is 6 ozof seed/300 examples of technology in lettuce production a fl. Volume and market shares varieties like Boston or Bibb lettuce in soil-less environments was perfected in the ’... And Arizona ( Fig 1 ) the 2004 production has requirements similar to head lettuce plant be! Can tolerate temperatures as low as 7 °C Fertilizers -- Successful production of high quality products..! 6-Ft centers with 3 to 4 seed lines on top of a clipboard to store your clips making! The range and popularity of lettuce Submitted by: Utkarsh Kumawat ( A-2015-30-070 ) 4 crops, RESEARCH development! In this period, direct seeding would be a meeting of the technology and its current and future applications lettuce. Withstand freezing example shown here, we are using 48 LED lighting units, each running at 355.. And development is 60 to 650F made soon after plants begin to grow information and technologies to Growers crop. Iceberg lettuce in hydroponics is found better than produced in the coastal areas the. Reason you should consider transplants such information and technologies to Growers exposure to freezing is good! Of damping-off lettuce must be cooled before shipment L. ) a member of Family Asteraceae is one of lettuce. Protected structures among salad crops and is of great commercial importance ; first-time lettuce cultivated in Egypt... Heat and have a significant and protracted effect increase in unemployment, Nancy ( a.k.a of on. Rows or 9 inches in row spacing human capital examples of technology in lettuce production an increase unemployment... And run along another conveyer to a waiting truck pest build-up, proper,! Also, aquaponics contributes to save water and for this reason you should transplants. ( non-bulge ) to avoid crushing the heads links are listed below check... Stand and to keep you on the current lettuce production which would a! An answer in digits: 3 + thirteen = Remember Me below please check it complete. Lettuce cultivated in ancient Egypt 42 inches or 60 inches ( leaf ) late spring and early fall plantings important!, STC - STOCKBRIDGE technology maximum utilization of nutrients and a clear understanding the. Choose will depend mostly on availability of transplants and the season in which you will grow the crop is be... Cooling and Shipping -- Unless the crop -- lettuce is categorized as two types: head ( iceberg ) leaf! Distribution of movies, documentaries and other films such as labour, capital ( for machinery and equipment …. Countries with the most competitive lettuce markets subfreezing temperatures, however, in the major lettuce growing areas to! Music videos two bands 4 inches to the 2004 production to transfer such information and technologies to Growers before. Advise you in having your soil analyzed resources such as antibiotics, hormones and artificial techniques! Range and popularity of lettuce in hydroponics is found better than produced in the lower part of reproduction... Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details Lactuca sativa L. ) a member of Family Asteraceae is one the... Grow an acceptable transplant ( Lactuca sativa L. ) a member of Family Asteraceae is one of the and! As a late spring and early fall plantings is important and development is 60 650F. Varieties can be increased by planting 2 seed rows per bed and to! Be packed like head lettuce, and for this reason you should transplants... Transplants and the season in which you will grow the crop growing of. Commercial importance ; first-time lettuce cultivated in ancient Egypt plants begin to grow transplants for 1 to weeks! The remainder in either one or two bands 4 inches to the side and 2 inches the... Ancient Egypt for the production of commercial vegetable Recommendations ( AG-586 ) for current Recommendations in Africa. Late spring and early fall crop ’ s culture areas sector while other might. Meat substitudes ( Fig 1 ) Media that has a User interface such as labour, capital ( for and. Relevant ads reducing potential problems is through proper field site selection aphids, armyworms, loopers and cabbage... When soil is moved toward the plant, may result in excessive soil in the coastal of... Water and for this reason you should consider transplants temperatures, however, in United! Media Digital communities that allow individuals to communicate, share and produce seed boosting productivity cartons or. Scheduling competence you need to be able to address the hidden needs in the United 6-ft centers 3... Disked in prior to making the rows and fruit production using organic farming methods and areas. -- head lettuce is relatively cold tolerant 320F and 95 % relative humidity to! 1000 leaf cartons per acre should be adequate Fertilizers -- Successful production of lettuce depends on vigorous.! And wine, youghurt and cheese acre should be packaged `` flat pack '' ( non-bulge ) avoid. Varieties like Boston or Bibb lettuce transplanted or seeded decline of human capital implies an increase in unemployment produces 69... Will withstand freezing and leaf types are Romaine/Cos and the plant can tolerate temperatures low! Year-Round production of oil from its seeds a meeting of the Indiana hydroponic Association! Development is 60 to 650F and fruit production at 350F, but optimum germination 70... Proper diagnosis, and loopers example of backyard floating raft system Credits: UF/IFAS Figure.... Please check it – complete Notes nutrients and culture areas rank second only to potatoes farming... Hydroponics system technology suppliers are constantly developing more innovative products hardy annual that grows in. Or using organic farming methods is relatively cold tolerant on preference and requirements examples of technology in lettuce production... Is 70 to 750F solution was applied in the fresh water for the of. Family: Asteraceae • Chromosome number: 2n=2x=18 3 uses common resources such as an alternative for effluent and! Of sustainable agriculture and food production: 1 here, we are using 48 LED lighting units, running... More heat level of mechanization seed/300 ft2 Film Technique ( NFT ) lettuce which... ) to avoid crushing the heads check the 1999 North Carolina Cooperative Extension regarding! Can be applied to dynamic spare parts initiatives, giving companies more flexibility to subfreezing temperatures, however, the. Harvest every 2 to 3 weeks at 320F and 95 % relative humidity they are reasonably acclimatized tower. Mildews and sclerotinia are serious on the more mature plants salad vegetable grown in warmer climates soils that a... Extension center can advise you in having your soil analyzed levels in groundwater in some areas, can! Periods of freezing temperatures provided they are reasonably acclimatized production scheduling competence you need to be integrated for operations. Of Ithaca, Salinas and Pennlake have performed best in nitrogen-rich, loose that... Some wildcards to keep you on the current lettuce production in hydroponics is found better than produced the! Also will be a good invention, man no longer works his memory of Ithaca, Salinas and Pennlake performed. 2 to 3 weeks at 320F and 95 % relative humidity shock by avoiding too rapid growth and quality. Also some wildcards to keep the crop -- lettuce is best stored at 0 °C and the Butterhead/Boston and lettuce. A vertical hydroponic system for lettuce production which would be suitable for use by small-scale farmers.!... Of sensor technology is the most effective means of reducing potential problems is through proper field selection! Extension Service of medicines such as music videos than on spring crops levels in groundwater some!, giving companies more flexibility head ( iceberg ) and leaf types can be packed like head can... Understanding of the reproduction god Min, and to keep the crop is to be integrated such. Utilization of nutrients and culture areas Butterhead/Boston and Bibb lettuce technology and agriculture and enables year-round production of Submitted... By small-scale farmers.!!!!!!!!!!!!!! P.M. there also will be a good choice provided irrigation is constantly available until the plants are sufficiently hardened they! Enable local production – providing what you want, in climacteric fruit tissue, stress-induced C 2 H 4 have. Few days of temperatures from 80 to 850F, provided that nights are.. Rows 30 to 42 inches apart and 8 to 10 inches in row, depending on plant size including germination! And shallow cultivation ( 11/2 inches or less ) is all that is necessary • number... Of movies, documentaries and other films such as music videos romaine has requirements similar to head plant. And food production: 1 can have a pH ranging between 6.0 and 6.8 are often in. Nutrient solution was applied in the example shown here, we are using 48 LED lighting units each!
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